[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":5157},["ShallowReactive",2],{"u8ugCcpqvl":3,"VyF3Mmj32r":3605,"N9m89Rcq0G":3800},{"title":4,"description":5,"body":6,"_type":3604,"_id":4},"VK_EXT_mesh_shader.proposal","This extension provides a new mechanism allowing applications to generate collections of geometric primitives via programmable mesh shading.",{"type":7,"children":8,"toc":3586},"root",[9,16,23,28,33,39,44,64,69,74,79,84,90,97,119,126,131,144,181,191,197,202,215,220,226,294,300,306,321,392,405,411,416,473,558,580,586,591,648,653,681,686,692,697,1148,1167,1210,1248,1254,1259,1687,1692,1773,1778,1923,1928,1953,1958,2071,2076,2082,2087,2176,2234,2240,2245,2250,2263,2268,2273,2278,2283,2316,2366,2371,2376,2381,2386,2391,2396,2401,2406,2427,2432,2652,2657,2772,2777,2783,2788,2874,2879,2910,2922,2927,2941,2946,3144,3149,3154,3211,3223,3236,3267,3279,3348,3354,3366,3396,3416,3442,3448,3454,3459,3495,3500,3506,3524,3536,3547,3553,3558,3564,3569,3575,3580],{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":12,"children":13},"element","p",{},[14],{"type":15,"value":5},"text",{"type":10,"tag":17,"props":18,"children":20},"h2",{"id":19},"_problem_statement",[21],{"type":15,"value":22},"Problem Statement",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":24,"children":25},{},[26],{"type":15,"value":27},"The rasterization pipeline for Vulkan is fairly fixed - a fixed input stage assembles vertex data for the vertex shader, data optionally passes through tessellation and geometry stages, then fixed vertex processing passes the resulting primitives to the rasterizer.\nAs rendering engines get increasingly complex, the fixed nature of this pipeline has become a bottleneck; many developers are augmenting their rasterization pipelines with compute shaders to make them more flexible.\nUsing compute shaders comes at a cost though - data has to be piped via global memory, and once there it still has to be optimized for an implementation’s vertex caches or face performance penalties.\nWith compute shaders processing geometry, the role of the vertex shader is also somewhat redundant - transformations could be performed just as easily in compute shaders, and the vertex shader serves merely as a way to get at the fixed rasterization interface.",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":29,"children":30},{},[31],{"type":15,"value":32},"This proposal aims to find a way to make the geometry pipeline more flexible, removing the unnecessary cost of an extra shader.",{"type":10,"tag":17,"props":34,"children":36},{"id":35},"_solution_space",[37],{"type":15,"value":38},"Solution Space",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":40,"children":41},{},[42],{"type":15,"value":43},"Making the geometry pipeline more flexible requires rethinking how data is transmitted from buffers to device memory; ideally a solution should allow applications to flexibly modify the set of geometry as a whole in the way developers are currently using compute shaders, and how they may use them in future (e.g. culling, grouping, decompression), without compromising on efficiency. Some considered ways to do this include:",{"type":10,"tag":45,"props":46,"children":47},"ol",{},[48,54,59],{"type":10,"tag":49,"props":50,"children":51},"li",{},[52],{"type":15,"value":53},"Giving vertex shaders defined grouping, and enabling communication via subgroup operations",{"type":10,"tag":49,"props":55,"children":56},{},[57],{"type":15,"value":58},"Skipping the vertex shader and using geometry or tessellation shaders at the start of the pipeline",{"type":10,"tag":49,"props":60,"children":61},{},[62],{"type":15,"value":63},"Use compute shaders in place of pre-rasterization shader stages",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":65,"children":66},{},[67],{"type":15,"value":68},"While a defined grouping in the vertex shaders would give applications the ability to manipulate sets of vertices, there is very limited ability to cull or remove vertices or primitives within a group, and the groups would be limited by the size of subgroups on the GPU without significant modifications.\nSimilarly, applications would be largely constrained by fixed input assembly requiring a 1:1 ratio of indices to input vertices, meaning things like decompressing meshes or acting at any granularity other than vertices would be infeasible.\nChanging the vertex stage to accommodate this extra flexibility would require significant changes to how the stage works, which could likely better be accommodated by other existing stages.",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":70,"children":71},{},[72],{"type":15,"value":73},"Skipping vertex shading and jumping straight to geometry or tessellation stages would provide a level of flexibility that could be interesting - both have access to geometric data at a granularity other than vertices, and are able to remove or add geometric detail before rasterization.\nThe main issues with these stages is that they are still rather fixed in terms of inputs, output topology, and the granularity they operate at - they are also historically not very efficient across platforms, and removing the vertex shader from the front of the pipeline would not do much to help that.",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":75,"children":76},{},[77],{"type":15,"value":78},"The last clear option is to effectively use compute shaders in place of existing rasterization stages, enabling applications to more easily port existing compute shaders to this new extension with all the flexibility intact.\nThe main difficulty with this is simply defining the interface between the shader and the rasterizer, as existing compute shaders simply write out to buffers, whereas rasterization hardware is highly specialized, and may need to be fed in a particular manner.",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":80,"children":81},{},[82],{"type":15,"value":83},"This extension opts for something close to option 3, by replacing all pre-rasterization shaders in the graphics pipeline with two new stages that operate like compute shaders but with output that can be consumed by the rasterizer.",{"type":10,"tag":17,"props":85,"children":87},{"id":86},"_proposal",[88],{"type":15,"value":89},"Proposal",{"type":10,"tag":91,"props":92,"children":94},"h3",{"id":93},"_new_shaders",[95],{"type":15,"value":96},"New Shaders",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":98,"children":99},{},[100,102,109,111,117],{"type":15,"value":101},"This proposal adds two new shader stages, which can be used in place of the existing pre-rasterization shader stages; 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is terminated immediately, and the mesh shaders are launched.",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":216,"children":217},{},[218],{"type":15,"value":219},"Task shaders can be used for functionality like coarse culling of entire meshlets or dynamically generating more or less geometry depending on the LOD required.\nThis is notionally similar to the purpose of tessellation shaders, but without the constraint of fixed functionality, and with greater flexibility in how primitives are executed.\nApplications can use task shaders to determine the number of launched mesh shader workgroups at whatever input granularity they want, and however they see fit.",{"type":10,"tag":120,"props":221,"children":223},{"id":222},"_rasterization_order",[224],{"type":15,"value":225},"Rasterization Order",{"type":10,"tag":11,"props":227,"children":228},{},[229,231,237,239,245,247,253,255,261,263,269,270,276,278,284,286,292],{"type":15,"value":230},"As task and mesh shaders change how primitives are dispatched, a 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