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specified when creating a swapchain.\nAll presentable images in a given swapchain use the same array size.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":867,"children":868},{},[869],{"type":23,"value":870},"5) Are the layers of stereo presentable images half-sized?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":872,"children":873},{},[874,878],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":875,"children":876},{},[877],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":879},": No.\nThe image extents always match those requested by the application.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":881,"children":882},{},[883,885,891,893,899],{"type":23,"value":884},"6) Do the ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":886,"children":888},{"className":887},[],[889],{"type":23,"value":890},"present",{"type":23,"value":892}," and ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":894,"children":896},{"className":895},[],[897],{"type":23,"value":898},"acquire next image",{"type":23,"value":900}," commands operate on a\nqueue? If not, do they need to include explicit semaphore objects to\ninterlock them with queue operations?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":902,"children":903},{},[904,908],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":905,"children":906},{},[907],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":909},": The present command operates on a queue.\nThe image ownership operation it represents happens in order with other\noperations on the queue, so no explicit semaphore object is required to\nsynchronize its actions.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":911,"children":912},{},[913],{"type":23,"value":914},"Applications may want to acquire the next image in separate threads from\nthose in which they manage their queue, or in multiple threads.\nTo make such usage easier, the acquire next image command takes a semaphore\nto signal as a method of explicit synchronization.\nThe application must later queue a wait for this semaphore before queuing\nexecution of any commands using the image.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":916,"children":917},{},[918,920,924],{"type":23,"value":919},"7) Does ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":921,"children":922},{"href":233},[923],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":925}," block if no images are available?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":927,"children":928},{},[929,933,935,941],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":930,"children":931},{},[932],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":934},": The command takes a timeout parameter.\nSpecial values for the timeout are 0, which makes the call a non-blocking\noperation, and ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":936,"children":938},{"className":937},[],[939],{"type":23,"value":940},"UINT64_MAX",{"type":23,"value":942},", which blocks indefinitely.\nValues in between will block for up to the specified time.\nThe call will return when an image becomes available or an error occurs.\nIt may, but is not required to, return before the specified timeout expires\nif the swapchain becomes out of date.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":944,"children":945},{},[946,948,952],{"type":23,"value":947},"8) Can multiple presents be queued using one ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":949,"children":950},{"href":269},[951],{"type":23,"value":272},{"type":23,"value":953}," call?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":955,"children":956},{},[957,961,963,967,969,973],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":958,"children":959},{},[960],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":962},": Yes.\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":964,"children":965},{"href":339},[966],{"type":23,"value":342},{"type":23,"value":968}," contains a list of swapchains and corresponding image\nindices that will be presented.\nWhen supported, all presentations queued with a single\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":970,"children":971},{"href":269},[972],{"type":23,"value":272},{"type":23,"value":974}," call will be applied atomically as one operation.\nThe same swapchain must not appear in the list more than once.\nLater extensions may provide applications stronger guarantees of atomicity\nfor such present operations, and/or allow them to query whether atomic\npresentation of a particular group of swapchains is possible.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":976,"children":977},{},[978],{"type":23,"value":979},"9) How do the presentation and acquire next image functions notify the\napplication the targeted surface has changed?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":981,"children":982},{},[983,987],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":984,"children":985},{},[986],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":988},": Two new result codes are introduced for this purpose:",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":990,"children":991},{},[992,1002],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":993,"children":994},{},[995,1000],{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":996,"children":998},{"className":997},[],[999],{"type":23,"value":654},{"type":23,"value":1001}," - Presentation will still succeed, subject to\nthe window resize behavior, but the swapchain is no longer configured\noptimally for the surface it targets.\nApplications should query updated surface information and recreate their\nswapchain at the next convenient opportunity.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1003,"children":1004},{},[1005,1010],{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1006,"children":1008},{"className":1007},[],[1009],{"type":23,"value":645},{"type":23,"value":1011}," - Failure.\nThe swapchain is no longer compatible with the surface it targets.\nThe application must query updated surface information and recreate the\nswapchain before presentation will succeed.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1013,"children":1014},{},[1015,1017,1021,1023,1027],{"type":23,"value":1016},"These can be returned by both ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1018,"children":1019},{"href":233},[1020],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":1022}," and\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1024,"children":1025},{"href":269},[1026],{"type":23,"value":272},{"type":23,"value":1028},".",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1030,"children":1031},{},[1032,1034,1038],{"type":23,"value":1033},"10) Does the ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1035,"children":1036},{"href":233},[1037],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":1039}," command return a semaphore to the\napplication via an output parameter, or accept a semaphore to signal from\nthe application as an object handle parameter?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1041,"children":1042},{},[1043,1047,1049,1053],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1044,"children":1045},{},[1046],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1048},": Accept a semaphore to signal as an object handle.\nThis avoids the need to specify whether the application must destroy the\nsemaphore or whether it is owned by the swapchain, and if the latter, what\nits lifetime is and whether it can be reused for other operations once it is\nreceived from ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1050,"children":1051},{"href":233},[1052],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":1028},{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1055,"children":1056},{},[1057],{"type":23,"value":1058},"11) What types of swapchain queuing behavior should be exposed? Options\ninclude swap interval specification, mailbox/most recent vs. FIFO queue\nmanagement, targeting specific vertical blank intervals or absolute times\nfor a given present operation, and probably others.\nFor some of these, whether they are specified at swapchain creation time or\nas per-present parameters needs to be decided as well.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1060,"children":1061},{},[1062,1066],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1063,"children":1064},{},[1065],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1067},": The base swapchain extension will expose 3 possible behaviors\n(of which, FIFO will always be supported):",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1069,"children":1070},{},[1071,1076,1081],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1072,"children":1073},{},[1074],{"type":23,"value":1075},"Immediate present: Does not wait for vertical blanking period to update\nthe current image, likely resulting in visible tearing.\nNo internal queue is used.\nPresent requests are applied immediately.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1077,"children":1078},{},[1079],{"type":23,"value":1080},"Mailbox queue: Waits for the next vertical blanking period to update the\ncurrent image.\nNo tearing should be observed.\nAn internal single-entry queue is used to hold pending presentation\nrequests.\nIf the queue is full when a new presentation request is received, the\nnew request replaces the existing entry, and any images associated with\nthe prior entry become available for reuse by the application.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1082,"children":1083},{},[1084,1086,1092],{"type":23,"value":1085},"FIFO queue: Waits for the next vertical blanking period to update the\ncurrent image.\nNo tearing should be observed.\nAn internal queue containing ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1087,"children":1089},{"className":1088},[],[1090],{"type":23,"value":1091},"numSwapchainImages",{"type":23,"value":1093}," - 1 entries\nis used to hold pending presentation requests.\nNew requests are appended to the end of the queue, and one request is\nremoved from the beginning of the queue and processed during each\nvertical blanking period in which the queue is non-empty",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1095,"children":1096},{},[1097],{"type":23,"value":1098},"Not all surfaces will support all of these modes, so the modes supported\nwill be returned using a surface information query.\nAll surfaces must support the FIFO queue mode.\nApplications must choose one of these modes up front when creating a\nswapchain.\nSwitching modes can be accomplished by recreating the swapchain.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1100,"children":1101},{},[1102,1104,1110,1112,1116],{"type":23,"value":1103},"12) Can ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1105,"children":1107},{"className":1106},[],[1108],{"type":23,"value":1109},"VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR",{"type":23,"value":1111}," provide non-blocking guarantees\nfor ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1113,"children":1114},{"href":233},[1115],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":1117},"? If so, what is the proper criteria?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1119,"children":1120},{},[1121,1125,1127,1131,1133,1139],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1122,"children":1123},{},[1124],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1126},": Yes.\nThe difficulty is not immediately obvious here.\nNaively, if at least 3 images are requested, mailbox mode should always have\nan image available for the application if the application does not own any\nimages when the call to ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1128,"children":1129},{"href":233},[1130],{"type":23,"value":236},{"type":23,"value":1132}," was made.\nHowever, some presentation engines may have more than one ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1134,"children":1136},{"className":1135},[],[1137],{"type":23,"value":1138},"current",{"type":23,"value":1140}," image,\nand would still need to block in some cases.\nThe right requirement appears to be that if the application allocates the\nsurface’s minimum number of images + 1 then it is guaranteed non-blocking\nbehavior when it does not currently own any images.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1142,"children":1143},{},[1144,1146,1151],{"type":23,"value":1145},"13) Is there a way to create and initialize a new swapchain for a surface\nthat has generated a ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1147,"children":1149},{"className":1148},[],[1150],{"type":23,"value":654},{"type":23,"value":1152}," return code while still using\nthe old swapchain?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1154,"children":1155},{},[1156,1160,1162,1168,1170,1176,1178,1184],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1157,"children":1158},{},[1159],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1161},": Not as part of this specification.\nThis could be useful to allow the application to create an ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1163,"children":1165},{"className":1164},[],[1166],{"type":23,"value":1167},"optimal",{"type":23,"value":1169},"\nreplacement swapchain and rebuild all its command buffers using it in a\nbackground thread at a low priority while continuing to use the\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1171,"children":1173},{"className":1172},[],[1174],{"type":23,"value":1175},"suboptimal",{"type":23,"value":1177}," swapchain in the main thread.\nIt could probably use the same ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1179,"children":1181},{"className":1180},[],[1182],{"type":23,"value":1183},"atomic replace",{"type":23,"value":1185}," semantics proposed for\nrecreating direct-to-device swapchains without incurring a mode switch.\nHowever, after discussion, it was determined some platforms probably could\nnot support concurrent swapchains for the same surface though, so this will\nbe left out of the base KHR extensions.\nA future extension could add this for platforms where it is supported.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1187,"children":1188},{},[1189,1191,1197,1199,1205],{"type":23,"value":1190},"14) Should there be a special value for\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1192,"children":1194},{"href":1193},"/man/VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR",[1195],{"type":23,"value":1196},"VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR",{"type":23,"value":1198},"::",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1200,"children":1202},{"className":1201},[],[1203],{"type":23,"value":1204},"maxImageCount",{"type":23,"value":1206}," to indicate there are no\npractical limits on the number of images in a swapchain?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1208,"children":1209},{},[1210,1214],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1211,"children":1212},{},[1213],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1215},": Yes.\nThere will often be cases where there is no practical limit to the number of\nimages in a swapchain other than the amount of available resources (i.e.,\nmemory) in the system.\nTrying to derive a hard limit from things like memory size is prone to\nfailure.\nIt is better in such cases to leave it to applications to figure such soft\nlimits out via trial/failure iterations.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1217,"children":1218},{},[1219,1221,1225,1226,1232],{"type":23,"value":1220},"15) Should there be a special value for\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1222,"children":1223},{"href":1193},[1224],{"type":23,"value":1196},{"type":23,"value":1198},{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1227,"children":1229},{"className":1228},[],[1230],{"type":23,"value":1231},"currentExtent",{"type":23,"value":1233}," to indicate the size of\nthe platform surface is undefined:?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1235,"children":1236},{},[1237,1241],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1238,"children":1239},{},[1240],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1242},": Yes.\nOn some platforms (Wayland, for example), the surface size is defined by the\nimages presented to it rather than the other way around.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1244,"children":1245},{},[1246,1248,1252,1253,1259],{"type":23,"value":1247},"16) Should there be a special value for\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1249,"children":1250},{"href":1193},[1251],{"type":23,"value":1196},{"type":23,"value":1198},{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1254,"children":1256},{"className":1255},[],[1257],{"type":23,"value":1258},"maxImageExtent",{"type":23,"value":1260}," to indicate there is no\npractical limit on the surface size?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1262,"children":1263},{},[1264,1268,1270,1276],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1265,"children":1266},{},[1267],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1269},": No.\nIt seems unlikely such a system would exist.\n0 could be used to indicate the platform places no limits on the extents\nbeyond those imposed by Vulkan for normal images, but this query could just\nas easily return those same limits, so a special ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1271,"children":1273},{"className":1272},[],[1274],{"type":23,"value":1275},"unlimited",{"type":23,"value":1277}," value does\nnot seem useful for this field.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1279,"children":1280},{},[1281],{"type":23,"value":1282},"17) How should surface rotation and mirroring be exposed to applications?\nHow do they specify rotation and mirroring transforms applied prior to\npresentation?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1284,"children":1285},{},[1286,1290,1292,1298,1300,1306,1308,1314],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1287,"children":1288},{},[1289],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1291},": Applications can query both the supported and current transforms\nof a surface.\nBoth are specified relative to the device’s ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1293,"children":1295},{"className":1294},[],[1296],{"type":23,"value":1297},"natural",{"type":23,"value":1299}," display rotation and\ndirection.\nThe supported transforms indicate which orientations the presentation engine\naccepts images in.\nFor example, a presentation engine that does not support transforming\nsurfaces as part of presentation, and which is presenting to a surface that\nis displayed with a 90-degree rotation, would return only one supported\ntransform bit: ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1301,"children":1303},{"className":1302},[],[1304],{"type":23,"value":1305},"VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_90_BIT_KHR",{"type":23,"value":1307},".\nApplications must transform their rendering by the transform they specify\nwhen creating the swapchain in ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1309,"children":1311},{"className":1310},[],[1312],{"type":23,"value":1313},"preTransform",{"type":23,"value":1315}," field.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1317,"children":1318},{},[1319,1321,1327,1329,1334],{"type":23,"value":1320},"18) Can surfaces ever not support ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1322,"children":1324},{"className":1323},[],[1325],{"type":23,"value":1326},"VK_MIRROR_NONE",{"type":23,"value":1328},"? Can they support\nvertical and horizontal mirroring simultaneously? Relatedly, should\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1330,"children":1332},{"className":1331},[],[1333],{"type":23,"value":1326},{"type":23,"value":1335},"[_BIT] be zero, or bit one, and should applications be\nallowed to specify multiple pre and current mirror transform bits, or\nexactly one?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1337,"children":1338},{},[1339,1343,1345,1351,1353,1358,1360,1366,1368,1374,1376,1382,1383,1389,1391,1397],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1340,"children":1341},{},[1342],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1344},": Since some platforms may not support presenting with a transform\nother than the native window’s current transform, and prerotation/mirroring\nare specified relative to the device’s natural rotation and direction,\nrather than relative to the surface’s current rotation and direction, it is\nnecessary to express lack of support for no mirroring.\nTo allow this, the ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1346,"children":1348},{"className":1347},[],[1349],{"type":23,"value":1350},"MIRROR_NONE",{"type":23,"value":1352}," enum must occupy a bit in the flags.\nSince ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1354,"children":1356},{"className":1355},[],[1357],{"type":23,"value":1350},{"type":23,"value":1359}," must be a bit in the bitmask rather than a bitmask\nwith no values set, allowing more than one bit to be set in the bitmask\nwould make it possible to describe undefined: transforms such as\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1361,"children":1363},{"className":1362},[],[1364],{"type":23,"value":1365},"VK_MIRROR_NONE_BIT",{"type":23,"value":1367}," | ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1369,"children":1371},{"className":1370},[],[1372],{"type":23,"value":1373},"VK_MIRROR_HORIZONTAL_BIT",{"type":23,"value":1375},", or a transform\nthat includes both ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1377,"children":1379},{"className":1378},[],[1380],{"type":23,"value":1381},"no mirroring",{"type":23,"value":892},{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1384,"children":1386},{"className":1385},[],[1387],{"type":23,"value":1388},"horizontal mirroring",{"type":23,"value":1390},"\nsimultaneously.\nTherefore, it is desirable to allow specifying all supported mirroring\ntransforms using only one bit.\nThe question then becomes, should there be a\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1392,"children":1394},{"className":1393},[],[1395],{"type":23,"value":1396},"VK_MIRROR_HORIZONTAL_AND_VERTICAL_BIT",{"type":23,"value":1398}," to represent a simultaneous\nhorizontal and vertical mirror transform? However, such a transform is\nequivalent to a 180 degree rotation, so presentation engines and\napplications that wish to support or use such a transform can express it\nthrough rotation instead.\nTherefore, 3 exclusive bits are sufficient to express all needed mirroring\ntransforms.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1400,"children":1401},{},[1402],{"type":23,"value":1403},"19) Should support for sRGB be required?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1405,"children":1406},{},[1407,1411],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1408,"children":1409},{},[1410],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1412},": In the advent of UHD and HDR display devices, proper color space\ninformation is vital to the display pipeline represented by the swapchain.\nThe application can discover the supported format/color-space pairs and\nselect a pair most suited to its rendering needs.\nCurrently only the sRGB color space is supported, future extensions may\nprovide support for more color spaces.\nSee issues 23 and 24.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1414,"children":1415},{},[1416],{"type":23,"value":1417},"20) Is there a mechanism to modify or replace an existing swapchain with one\ntargeting the same surface?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1419,"children":1420},{},[1421,1425],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1422,"children":1423},{},[1424],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1426},": Yes.\nThis is described above in the text.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1428,"children":1429},{},[1430],{"type":23,"value":1431},"21) Should there be a way to set prerotation and mirroring using native APIs\nwhen presenting using a Vulkan swapchain?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1433,"children":1434},{},[1435,1439,1441,1447,1449,1455,1457,1461],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1436,"children":1437},{},[1438],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1440},": Yes.\nThe transforms that can be expressed in this extension are a subset of those\npossible on native platforms.\nIf a platform exposes a method to specify the transform of presented images\nfor a given surface using native methods and exposes more transforms or\nother properties for surfaces than Vulkan supports, it might be impossible,\ndifficult, or inconvenient to set some of those properties using Vulkan KHR\nextensions and some using the native interfaces.\nTo avoid overwriting properties set using native commands when presenting\nusing a Vulkan swapchain, the application can set the pretransform to\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1442,"children":1444},{"className":1443},[],[1445],{"type":23,"value":1446},"inherit",{"type":23,"value":1448},", in which case the current native properties will be used, or if\nnone are available, a platform-specific default will be used.\nPlatforms that do not specify a reasonable default or do not provide native\nmechanisms to specify such transforms should not include the inherit bits in\nthe ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1450,"children":1452},{"className":1451},[],[1453],{"type":23,"value":1454},"supportedTransforms",{"type":23,"value":1456}," bitmask they return in\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1458,"children":1459},{"href":1193},[1460],{"type":23,"value":1196},{"type":23,"value":1028},{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1463,"children":1464},{},[1465],{"type":23,"value":1466},"22) Should the content of presentable images be clipped by objects obscuring\ntheir target surface?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1468,"children":1469},{},[1470,1474],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1471,"children":1472},{},[1473],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1475},": Applications can choose which behavior they prefer.\nAllowing the content to be clipped could enable more efficient presentation\nmethods on some platforms, but some applications might rely on the content\nof presentable images to perform techniques such as partial updates or\nmotion blurs.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1477,"children":1478},{},[1479,1481,1487,1489,1495],{"type":23,"value":1480},"23) What is the purpose of specifying a ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1482,"children":1484},{"href":1483},"/man/VkColorSpaceKHR",[1485],{"type":23,"value":1486},"VkColorSpaceKHR",{"type":23,"value":1488}," along with\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1490,"children":1492},{"href":1491},"/man/VkFormat",[1493],{"type":23,"value":1494},"VkFormat",{"type":23,"value":1496}," when creating a swapchain?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1498,"children":1499},{},[1500,1504,1506,1512,1514,1520],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1501,"children":1502},{},[1503],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1505},": While Vulkan itself is color space agnostic (e.g. even the\nmeaning of R, G, B and A can be freely defined by the rendering\napplication), the swapchain eventually will have to present the images on a\ndisplay device with specific color reproduction characteristics.\nIf any color space transformations are necessary before an image can be\ndisplayed, the color space of the presented image must be known to the\nswapchain.\nA swapchain will only support a restricted set of color format and -space\npairs.\nThis set can be discovered via ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1507,"children":1509},{"href":1508},"/man/vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR",[1510],{"type":23,"value":1511},"vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR",{"type":23,"value":1513},".\nAs it can be expected that most display devices support the sRGB color\nspace, at least one format/color-space pair has to be exposed, where the\ncolor space is ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1515,"children":1517},{"className":1516},[],[1518],{"type":23,"value":1519},"VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR",{"type":23,"value":1028},{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1522,"children":1523},{},[1524],{"type":23,"value":1525},"24) How are sRGB formats and the sRGB color space related?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1527,"children":1528},{},[1529,1533,1535,1541,1543,1548],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1530,"children":1531},{},[1532],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1534},": While Vulkan exposes a number of SRGB texture formats, using\nsuch formats does not guarantee working in a specific color space.\nIt merely means that the hardware can directly support applying the\nnon-linear transfer functions defined by the sRGB standard color space when\nreading from or writing to images of those formats.\nStill, it is unlikely that a swapchain will expose a ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1536,"children":1538},{"className":1537},[],[1539],{"type":23,"value":1540},"*_SRGB",{"type":23,"value":1542}," format\nalong with any color space other than\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1544,"children":1546},{"className":1545},[],[1547],{"type":23,"value":1519},{"type":23,"value":1028},{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1550,"children":1551},{},[1552,1554,1559],{"type":23,"value":1553},"On the other hand, non-",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1555,"children":1557},{"className":1556},[],[1558],{"type":23,"value":1540},{"type":23,"value":1560}," formats will be very likely exposed in\npair with a SRGB color space.\nThis means, the hardware will not apply any transfer function when reading\nfrom or writing to such images, yet they will still be presented on a device\nwith sRGB display characteristics.\nIn this case the application is responsible for applying the transfer\nfunction, for instance by using shader math.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1562,"children":1563},{},[1564],{"type":23,"value":1565},"25) How are the lifetimes of surfaces and swapchains targeting them related?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1567,"children":1568},{},[1569,1573,1575,1581],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1570,"children":1571},{},[1572],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1574},": A surface must outlive any swapchains targeting it.\nA ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1576,"children":1578},{"href":1577},"/man/VkSurfaceKHR",[1579],{"type":23,"value":1580},"VkSurfaceKHR",{"type":23,"value":1582}," owns the binding of the native window to the Vulkan\ndriver.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1584,"children":1585},{},[1586],{"type":23,"value":1587},"26) How can the application control the way the alpha component of swapchain\nimages is treated by the presentation engine during compositing?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1589,"children":1590},{},[1591,1595,1597,1603],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1592,"children":1593},{},[1594],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1596},": We should add new enum values to allow the application to\nnegotiate with the presentation engine on how to treat image alpha values\nduring the compositing process.\nSince not all platforms can practically control this through the Vulkan\ndriver, a value of ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1598,"children":1600},{"className":1599},[],[1601],{"type":23,"value":1602},"VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_INHERIT_BIT_KHR",{"type":23,"value":1604}," is provided like\nfor surface transforms.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1606,"children":1607},{},[1608,1610,1614,1616,1622,1624,1628],{"type":23,"value":1609},"27) Is ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1611,"children":1612},{"href":242},[1613],{"type":23,"value":245},{"type":23,"value":1615}," the right function to return\n",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1617,"children":1619},{"className":1618},[],[1620],{"type":23,"value":1621},"VK_ERROR_NATIVE_WINDOW_IN_USE_KHR",{"type":23,"value":1623},", or should the various\nplatform-specific ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1625,"children":1626},{"href":1577},[1627],{"type":23,"value":1580},{"type":23,"value":1629}," factory functions catch this error\nearlier?",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1631,"children":1632},{},[1633,1637,1639,1643],{"type":17,"tag":37,"props":1634,"children":1635},{},[1636],{"type":23,"value":813},{"type":23,"value":1638},": For most platforms, the ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1640,"children":1641},{"href":1577},[1642],{"type":23,"value":1580},{"type":23,"value":1644}," structure is a simple\ncontainer holding the data that identifies a native window or other object\nrepresenting a surface on a particular platform.\nFor the surface factory functions to return this error, they would likely\nneed to register a reference on the native objects with the native display\nserver somehow, and ensure no other such references exist.\nSurfaces were not intended to be that heavyweight.",{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1646,"children":1647},{},[1648,1650,1654],{"type":23,"value":1649},"Swapchains are intended to be the objects that directly manipulate native\nwindows and communicate with the native presentation mechanisms.\nSwapchains will already need to communicate with the native display server\nto negotiate allocation and/or presentation of presentable images for a\nnative surface.\nTherefore, it makes more sense for swapchain creation to be the point at\nwhich native object exclusivity is enforced.\nPlatforms may choose to enforce further restrictions on the number of\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1651,"children":1652},{"href":1577},[1653],{"type":23,"value":1580},{"type":23,"value":1655}," objects that may be created for the same native window if\nsuch a requirement makes sense on a particular platform, but a global\nrequirement is only sensible at the swapchain level.",{"type":17,"tag":25,"props":1657,"children":1659},{"id":1658},"_examples",[1660],{"type":23,"value":1661},"Examples",{"type":17,"tag":1663,"props":1664,"children":1665},"note",{},[1666],{"type":17,"tag":43,"props":1667,"children":1668},{},[1669,1671,1675,1676,1681,1683,1690],{"type":23,"value":1670},"The example code for the ",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1672,"children":1673},{"href":190},[1674],{"type":23,"value":10},{"type":23,"value":892},{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":1677,"children":1679},{"className":1678},[],[1680],{"type":23,"value":4},{"type":23,"value":1682},"\nextensions was removed from the appendix after revision 1.0.29.\nThis WSI example code was ported to the cube demo that is shipped with the\nofficial Khronos SDK, and is being kept up-to-date in that location (see:\n",{"type":17,"tag":188,"props":1684,"children":1688},{"href":1685,"rel":1686},"https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Tools/blob/main/cube/cube.c",[1687],"nofollow",[1689],{"type":23,"value":1685},{"type":23,"value":1691},").",{"type":17,"tag":25,"props":1693,"children":1695},{"id":1694},"_version_history",[1696],{"type":23,"value":1697},"Version History",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1699,"children":1700},{},[1701,1714,1732,1750,1778,1801,1819,1832,1850,1863,1881,1899,1917,1930,1948,1971,1989,2018,2031,2062,2075,2093,2106,2134,2168,2186,2199,2212,2232,2257,2270,2319,2342,2355,2375,2388,2401,2414,2432,2450,2471,2484,2515,2533,2546,2571,2619,2632,2645,2658,2671,2684,2697,2710,2723,2736,2754,2772,2785,2798,2811,2824,2837,2850,2863,2876,2899,2927,2969,2990,3003,3016],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1702,"children":1703},{},[1704,1706],{"type":23,"value":1705},"Revision 1, 2015-05-20 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1707,"children":1708},{},[1709],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1710,"children":1711},{},[1712],{"type":23,"value":1713},"Initial draft, based on LunarG KHR spec, other KHR specs, patches\nattached to bugs.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1715,"children":1716},{},[1717,1719],{"type":23,"value":1718},"Revision 2, 2015-05-22 (Ian Elliott)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1720,"children":1721},{},[1722,1727],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1723,"children":1724},{},[1725],{"type":23,"value":1726},"Made many agreed-upon changes from 2015-05-21 KHR TSG meeting.\nThis includes using only a queue for presentation, and having an\nexplicit function to acquire the next image.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1728,"children":1729},{},[1730],{"type":23,"value":1731},"Fixed typos and other minor mistakes.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1733,"children":1734},{},[1735,1737],{"type":23,"value":1736},"Revision 3, 2015-05-26 (Ian Elliott)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1738,"children":1739},{},[1740,1745],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1741,"children":1742},{},[1743],{"type":23,"value":1744},"Improved the Description section.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1746,"children":1747},{},[1748],{"type":23,"value":1749},"Added or resolved issues that were found in improving the Description.\nFor example, pSurfaceDescription is used consistently, instead of\nsometimes using pSurface.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1751,"children":1752},{},[1753,1755],{"type":23,"value":1754},"Revision 4, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1756,"children":1757},{},[1758,1763,1768,1773],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1759,"children":1760},{},[1761],{"type":23,"value":1762},"Fixed some grammatical errors and typos",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1764,"children":1765},{},[1766],{"type":23,"value":1767},"Filled in the description of imageUseFlags when creating a swapchain.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1769,"children":1770},{},[1771],{"type":23,"value":1772},"Added a description of swapInterval.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1774,"children":1775},{},[1776],{"type":23,"value":1777},"Replaced the paragraph describing the order of operations on a queue\nfor image ownership and presentation.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1779,"children":1780},{},[1781,1783],{"type":23,"value":1782},"Revision 5, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1784,"children":1785},{},[1786,1791,1796],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1787,"children":1788},{},[1789],{"type":23,"value":1790},"Imported relevant issues from the (abandoned)\nvk_wsi_persistent_swapchain_images extension.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1792,"children":1793},{},[1794],{"type":23,"value":1795},"Added issues 6 and 7, regarding behavior of the acquire next image and\npresent commands with respect to queues.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1797,"children":1798},{},[1799],{"type":23,"value":1800},"Updated spec language and examples to align with proposed resolutions\nto issues 6 and 7.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1802,"children":1803},{},[1804,1806],{"type":23,"value":1805},"Revision 6, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1807,"children":1808},{},[1809,1814],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1810,"children":1811},{},[1812],{"type":23,"value":1813},"Added issue 8, regarding atomic presentation of multiple swapchains",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1815,"children":1816},{},[1817],{"type":23,"value":1818},"Updated spec language and examples to align with proposed resolution to\nissue 8.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1820,"children":1821},{},[1822,1824],{"type":23,"value":1823},"Revision 7, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1825,"children":1826},{},[1827],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1828,"children":1829},{},[1830],{"type":23,"value":1831},"Fixed compilation errors in example code, and made related spec fixes.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1833,"children":1834},{},[1835,1837],{"type":23,"value":1836},"Revision 8, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1838,"children":1839},{},[1840,1845],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1841,"children":1842},{},[1843],{"type":23,"value":1844},"Added issue 9, and the related VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR result code.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1846,"children":1847},{},[1848],{"type":23,"value":1849},"Renamed VK_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR to VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1851,"children":1852},{},[1853,1855],{"type":23,"value":1854},"Revision 9, 2015-05-27 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1856,"children":1857},{},[1858],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1859,"children":1860},{},[1861],{"type":23,"value":1862},"Added inline proposed resolutions (marked with [JRJ]) to some XXX\nquestions/issues.\nThese should be moved to the issues section in a subsequent update if\nthe proposals are adopted.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1864,"children":1865},{},[1866,1868],{"type":23,"value":1867},"Revision 10, 2015-05-28 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1869,"children":1870},{},[1871,1876],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1872,"children":1873},{},[1874],{"type":23,"value":1875},"Converted vkAcquireNextImageKHR back to a non-queue operation that uses\na VkSemaphore object for explicit synchronization.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1877,"children":1878},{},[1879],{"type":23,"value":1880},"Added issue 10 to determine whether vkAcquireNextImageKHR generates or\nreturns semaphores, or whether it operates on a semaphore provided by\nthe application.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1882,"children":1883},{},[1884,1886],{"type":23,"value":1885},"Revision 11, 2015-05-28 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1887,"children":1888},{},[1889,1894],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1890,"children":1891},{},[1892],{"type":23,"value":1893},"Marked issues 6, 7, and 8 resolved.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1895,"children":1896},{},[1897],{"type":23,"value":1898},"Renamed VkSurfaceCapabilityPropertiesKHR to VkSurfacePropertiesKHR to\nbetter convey the mutable nature of the information it contains.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1900,"children":1901},{},[1902,1904],{"type":23,"value":1903},"Revision 12, 2015-05-28 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1905,"children":1906},{},[1907,1912],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1908,"children":1909},{},[1910],{"type":23,"value":1911},"Added issue 11 with a proposed resolution, and the related issue 12.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1913,"children":1914},{},[1915],{"type":23,"value":1916},"Updated various sections of the spec to match the proposed resolution\nto issue 11.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1918,"children":1919},{},[1920,1922],{"type":23,"value":1921},"Revision 13, 2015-06-01 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1923,"children":1924},{},[1925],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1926,"children":1927},{},[1928],{"type":23,"value":1929},"Moved some structures to VK_EXT_KHR_swap_chain to resolve the\nspecification’s issues 1 and 2.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1931,"children":1932},{},[1933,1935],{"type":23,"value":1934},"Revision 14, 2015-06-01 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1936,"children":1937},{},[1938,1943],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1939,"children":1940},{},[1941],{"type":23,"value":1942},"Added code for example 4 demonstrating how an application might make\nuse of the two different present and acquire next image KHR result\ncodes.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1944,"children":1945},{},[1946],{"type":23,"value":1947},"Added issue 13.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1949,"children":1950},{},[1951,1953],{"type":23,"value":1952},"Revision 15, 2015-06-01 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1954,"children":1955},{},[1956,1961,1966],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1957,"children":1958},{},[1959],{"type":23,"value":1960},"Added issues 14 - 16 and related spec language.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1962,"children":1963},{},[1964],{"type":23,"value":1965},"Fixed some spelling errors.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1967,"children":1968},{},[1969],{"type":23,"value":1970},"Added language describing the meaningful return values for\nvkAcquireNextImageKHR and vkQueuePresentKHR.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1972,"children":1973},{},[1974,1976],{"type":23,"value":1975},"Revision 16, 2015-06-02 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1977,"children":1978},{},[1979,1984],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1980,"children":1981},{},[1982],{"type":23,"value":1983},"Added issues 17 and 18, as well as related spec language.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1985,"children":1986},{},[1987],{"type":23,"value":1988},"Removed some erroneous text added by mistake in the last update.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1990,"children":1991},{},[1992,1994],{"type":23,"value":1993},"Revision 17, 2015-06-15 (Ian Elliott)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":1995,"children":1996},{},[1997],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":1998,"children":1999},{},[2000,2002,2008,2010,2016],{"type":23,"value":2001},"Changed special value from ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":2003,"children":2005},{"className":2004},[],[2006],{"type":23,"value":2007},"-1",{"type":23,"value":2009}," to ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":2011,"children":2013},{"className":2012},[],[2014],{"type":23,"value":2015},"0",{"type":23,"value":2017}," so that the data types can\nbe unsigned.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2019,"children":2020},{},[2021,2023],{"type":23,"value":2022},"Revision 18, 2015-06-15 (Ian Elliott)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2024,"children":2025},{},[2026],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2027,"children":2028},{},[2029],{"type":23,"value":2030},"Clarified the values of VkSurfacePropertiesKHR::minImageCount and the\ntimeout parameter of the vkAcquireNextImageKHR function.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2032,"children":2033},{},[2034,2036],{"type":23,"value":2035},"Revision 19, 2015-06-17 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2037,"children":2038},{},[2039,2044,2049],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2040,"children":2041},{},[2042],{"type":23,"value":2043},"Misc.\ncleanup.\nRemoved resolved inline issues and fixed typos.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2045,"children":2046},{},[2047],{"type":23,"value":2048},"Fixed clarification of VkSurfacePropertiesKHR::minImageCount made in\nversion 18.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2050,"children":2051},{},[2052,2054,2060],{"type":23,"value":2053},"Added a brief ",{"type":17,"tag":180,"props":2055,"children":2057},{"className":2056},[],[2058],{"type":23,"value":2059},"Image Ownership",{"type":23,"value":2061}," definition to the list of terms used\nin the spec.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2063,"children":2064},{},[2065,2067],{"type":23,"value":2066},"Revision 20, 2015-06-17 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2068,"children":2069},{},[2070],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2071,"children":2072},{},[2073],{"type":23,"value":2074},"Updated enum-extending values using new convention.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2076,"children":2077},{},[2078,2080],{"type":23,"value":2079},"Revision 21, 2015-06-17 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2081,"children":2082},{},[2083,2088],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2084,"children":2085},{},[2086],{"type":23,"value":2087},"Added language describing how to use\nVK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2089,"children":2090},{},[2091],{"type":23,"value":2092},"Cleaned up an XXX comment regarding the description of which queues\nvkQueuePresentKHR can be used on.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2094,"children":2095},{},[2096,2098],{"type":23,"value":2097},"Revision 22, 2015-06-17 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2099,"children":2100},{},[2101],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2102,"children":2103},{},[2104],{"type":23,"value":2105},"Rebased on Vulkan API version 126.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2107,"children":2108},{},[2109,2111],{"type":23,"value":2110},"Revision 23, 2015-06-18 (James Jones)",{"type":17,"tag":72,"props":2112,"children":2113},{},[2114,2119,2124,2129],{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2115,"children":2116},{},[2117],{"type":23,"value":2118},"Updated language for issue 12 to read as a proposed resolution.",{"type":17,"tag":76,"props":2120,"children":2121},{},[2122],{"type":23,"value":2123},"Marked issues 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